I’m glad you asked. We have laws at a federal level for elections, with a body called The Australian Electoral Commission responsible for elections on federal, state and local levels. There is a vote registrar also on a federal level.
On voting day generally you go in and have your name marked off the registrar by a paid official of the AEC - you provide your surname and first names, then your residential address - I’m not 100% sure if we now provide a drivers license of a photo ID with an address and date of birth. After that you are given PAPER forms for you to physically vote with pencil. You then fold the paper and place it in a box which is supervised by another official.
Have people gone to more than one polling booth to vote? Yes it can but eventually they get found out. But when polls close (I think) the votes are taken to a counting centre that is central to the polling centres and those are counted there.
For most elections we know the results within a few hours of polls closing. Unlike the states where the counting goes on for months and papers just mysteriously pop up, especially in blue states.
