With all the crazyness in Shanghai i found this old article about some of the deepstates interest in the city.
" So in times of financial war (HSBC) and other concerns, it may be an idea to look at the basics of the geographical division, which are really just the same old colonial forms as usual. who had the patent on Heroin need not be mentioned but it can be seen in the picture.
The opium wars in everyday speech were two wars in the middle of the 19th century, where mainly the colonial powers England and France forced China to accept the opium trade and to also give trade privileges to the victorious powers. These wars are often regarded as the beginning to the end of China’s cultural history as an empire.
Based on its size, location and distance from Europe, China had a variety of goods, including silk, tea and porcelain, which were coveted by Europeans, while Europe could not really offer any barter goods that were of interest to the Chinese - except silver.
To improve the trading situation for themselves, English merchants and trading houses began to illegally export opium to China in the early 19th century. This opium was grown, among other places, in the British East India Company’s colony of India and formed part of the trade route for slave cotton - cloth opium, which was the very core of the British East India Company’s operations.
Opium was traded in exchange for Chinese goods, which led to widespread opium abuse in China - probably the first really large-scale drug abuse in history.
In the years 1827–1828, 9,535 opium chests were introduced to China, compared to 26,818 chests during the period 1835–1836.
The Chinese government had already begun to take measures in the 18th century to combat this consumption, which was harmful to the population in all respects, but this only led to extensive trade, supported by England.
The Chinese government therefore tried to stop the opium trade in 1839, and the mandarin Lin Zexu, who had been given special powers by the emperor to stop the opium trade, demanded in Canton to confiscate British warehouses with about 20,000 chests of opium.
The then English resident Charles Elliot, then called on the English merchants to give in to this demand from the Chinese, and promised compensation from the English government to the merchants.
The opium was handed over to the Chinese and burned. When at the same time the English refused to extradite a countryman who had killed a Chinese in a fight, the Chinese government issued a ban on selling food to the English both in Macao and in Canton. These were the events that led to the first opium war (1839–1842)
Because of this, the English had to leave Macao and instead go to Hong Kong, where the Chinese tried the same thing to block the supply of English possessions without success. The British government then further demanded trade, and that British nationals should not be convicted by Chinese courts, as well as damages for destroyed opium.
These demands were not accepted by China, and therefore the English (1840) declared war.
The English fleet then blocked the Bocca Tigris at the mouth of the Canton River and destroyed Xiamen, and sailed on to the mouth of Biehe to leave the emperors and communes of the English government to the emperor in Beijing, which the canton mandarin had refused to accept.
The emperor promised to send a commissioner to the canton to negotiate peace with the English, if the English fleet withdrew there.
Admiral Elliot agreed to this and the negotiations began at the end of November, but were delayed by the Chinese. Following British pressure in the form of acts of war, a preliminary treaty was concluded on January 20, 1841, according to which the port of Canton was reopened for trade and the English received Hong Kong as a colony and a further six million dollars in damages.
Furthermore, a regulation of the relations of both powers to each other would take place. However, neither the British nor the Chinese government approved the treaty, so hostilities resumed.
Once again a ceasefire was concluded; but when the Chinese did not take the peace talks seriously, but instead drew together an operational army, the commander of the English ground forces in China, Sir Hugh Gough, advanced towards Guangzhou and on March 25, 1941 defeated a Chinese army over 50,000 strong.
The British won this battle and continued to threaten to occupy Canton, when China again offered peace and on 27 May the British adopted the terms of peace with some changes. China would pay war damages.
The treaty was concluded by Elliot, who had already been deposed due to the mild treaty dated January 20, 1841.
Elliot’s successor, Henry Pottinger, did not see himself bound by any peace agreement. Instead, he intended to go more strongly. The English fleet left Hong Kong on 21 August 1841, and during the autumn, winter and spring the British occupied several strategic locations along the coast of China and occupied Shanghai on 19 June 1842.
When the English navy threatened Nanking in August 1842, China was forced to make peace.
This peace was concluded on August 29, 1942 in Nanking on the condition that the ports of Canton, Amoy, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai would be open to all nations, and that foreign consuls would be allowed to settle there. Which was a paraphrase of the English establishment.
The English would also receive Hong Kong from China, and be reimbursed with $ 21 million for their war expenses.
In July 1843, the new trading system came into force, and on October 9 of the same year, an addition was made to the Peace Treaty, allowing European merchants to lease and build land in the five ports mentioned.
A number of nations that did not participate in the war also concluded trade agreements with China, including Sweden-Norway which concluded the Treaty of Canton in March 1847. Which with all desirability describes the role that the British East India Company played in relation to the Swedish state. This also sheds light on the aversion that exists in the British East India Company towards the Swedish Gustav III and his support for the American War of Independence.
Second Opium War (1856–1860)
The Second Opium War broke out after the execution of a French Catholic missionary in June 1856 and the capture of the English merchant ship Arrow, whose Chinese crew of the Viceroy of Guangzhou had been imprisoned on charges of misconduct, even though the ship was flying the English flag. was insulted in the presence of several Mandarins in the port of Guangzhou, October 8, 1856.
In English this is called, the second opium war the Arrow War.
The Viceroy rejected the English consul Harry Parkes’ demand for restoration of the insult with the flag, and for a treaty to test the accusations made against English subjects, ie Chinese sailors, the sailors at Arrow. The dispute led to an armed intervention by the British Admiral Sir M. Seymour, who on October 29 forced his entry into the canton, which, despite the peace conditions in Nanking, had not yet been opened to foreigners and their free establishments.
Furthermore, Minister Palmerston, in agreement with the French Government, decided to regard these events as a valid cause of war, and thereby postpone its negotiating positions.
War in China was therefore declared by England and France in 1857 with the two events as a basic pretext. Canton was occupied since January 5, 1858, and the Anglo-French fleet sailed on to Pei Ho, destroying some smaller Chinese fortifications during the voyage.
The Palmeston Ministry then sent in May 1858, a flotilla of gunboats up the Pei-Ho River to Tientsin.
On June 8, peace talks began, and on June 13, 15, 26 and 27, China concluded treaties in Tientsin with Russia, the United States, England and France.
Christianity would be tolerated throughout the country, consulates would be established in China, diplomatic agents would have the right to appear and live in Beijing, new ports would be opened for trade, sailing on Jang Tse Kiang would be free, opium imports would be allowed, and strangers would be provided with their government passports. get travel in the interior of China. Which must be seen as a very obvious strategic package of power-political measures.
Somewhat earlier (May 28, 1858), Russia concluded a separate treaty with China, when it received the Chinese, on the left Amur coast lying Amurland.
China, however, did not appear to intend to maintain the relations entered into, as they reasonably considered that they had the right to their own land before the English, but China armed itself instead of a new war, and began the hostilities by shelling part of the Anglo-French fleet. on the Pei-Ho River.
The Allied colonial powers immediately strengthened their ground forces, and landed at Pei Hos mouth on August 1, 1860 with a task force of 25,500 men. The contingent conquered several strongholds there, and on 13 October occupied Beijing, where the French occupied and in a vandalistic manner plundered the emperor’s summer palace.
The Chinese also found fruitless resistance and opened negotiations, which at the end of October led to a peace signed by the emperor on November 2, called the Beijing Convention, which contained the same conditions as in the Treaty of 1858, but now with increased war damages of 60 million francs. England and 30 million to France.
The English and French envoys took up residence in Beijing in March 1861 and in July also in the United States.
In this way, China finally became open to the exploitation of the colonial states.
The Society for the Suppression of Opium Trade was an organization founded in 1874 in London, with the aim of, among other things, exerting pressure on the British Parliament in order to ban the extensive and, as the organization considered, the deeply immoral opium sales to China that England conducted.
Opium therefore soon began to be grown in China as well, and by the beginning of the 20th century, when British exports of opium were forced to cease for public reasons, domestic cultivation had already become completely dominant.
Opium therefore continued to be abused on a large scale in China, until the victory of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War in 1949.
So at least until the 1950s, it is fully documented established in the way that British interests with government English support, have actively contributed to the trade in opium, one can imagine… which bank did what? Tjaaaeee they still go for the money laundering, so it does not need to be described further."