Eastern European Lithium Deposits - Russia

#1

Very interesting. The Russians just assumed control over the largest known deposit of lithium in Europe, formerly, the land and mineral rights for the land were contractually held by BlackRock, having been sold to BR by the Kiev regime. Note the mineral content of the entire deposit and the points of overlap in electronics and nuclear technology. BR was positioned to be be in prime position to place a chokehold on the material required to initiate agenda 2050 and its “new infrastructure.”

I wonder if the New Khazaria/Greater Israel project had anything like this in mind as it busily privatized the Ukraine’s farmland?

The deposit is extensive:

“And that’s what all the American and European corporations wanted to grab for free. In fact, the Shevchensk lithium deposit is only part of a huge reservoir of lithium-containing rocks, extending to the northwest, along both banks of the Dnieper and towards Belarus,” explains the military correspondent."

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#2

Rubidium has several industrial applications due to its unique properties, including:

  1. Atomic Clocks: Rubidium is used in atomic clocks, which are extremely accurate timepieces crucial for telecommunications, GPS systems, and scientific research. The rubidium isotope 87Rb is particularly used because it has a very stable frequency for the transition between two hyperfine levels of its ground state.

  2. Photocells: Rubidium’s ability to emit electrons when exposed to light (photoelectric effect) makes it useful in photocells. These are used in solar simulators, night vision devices, and automated systems where light sensitivity is required.

  3. Spectroscopy: In analytical chemistry, rubidium salts can serve as standards for flame tests or atomic absorption spectroscopy for calibration purposes due to the characteristic red color of its flame.

  4. Special Glasses: Rubidium oxide is added to some types of glass to improve their electrical conductivity and optical properties. This is particularly useful in fiber optics and specialty glass manufacturing where low thermal expansion or high refractive index is needed.

  5. Catalysis: Rubidium compounds can act as catalysts or catalyst promoters in various chemical reactions, including the production of methacrylic acid, which is used in the manufacture of plastics.

  6. Electronics: Rubidium vapor in vacuum tubes can enhance the efficiency of photomultiplier tubes, which amplify light signals in devices like medical imaging equipment or in detectors for scientific research.

  7. Thermoelectric Generators: Rubidium telluride has been explored for use in thermoelectric generators, where it converts heat directly into electricity, potentially useful in space applications where efficiency and reliability are critical.

  8. Batteries: Research into rubidium-ion batteries suggests potential for higher energy density over traditional lithium-ion batteries, although this application is still in early stages of development.

  9. Medicine: While not strictly industrial, rubidium-82 is used in medical imaging for heart studies due to its short half-life and positron emission in PET scans.

These applications leverage rubidium’s low melting point, high reactivity, and specific atomic properties. However, due to its reactivity and cost, rubidium is not as commonly used in large quantities in industry as some other alkali metals like sodium or potassium.

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#3

Cesium, like rubidium, has several specialized industrial applications due to its unique chemical and physical properties:

  1. Atomic Clocks: Cesium is the basis for the most accurate atomic clocks in existence. The cesium-133 atom’s microwave transition frequency is used as the standard for the International System of Units (SI) definition of the second. These clocks are critical for GPS, telecommunications, and scientific research.

  2. Photoelectric Cells: Cesium’s photoelectric effect is utilized in photomultiplier tubes and image intensifiers for applications like night vision devices, spectroscopy, and medical imaging equipment where high sensitivity to light is needed.

  3. Drilling Fluids: Cesium formate brines are used in oil and gas drilling where high-density, low-viscosity fluids are needed to maintain pressure in deep and high-pressure wells while minimizing damage to the geological formations.

  4. Catalysis: Cesium compounds can act as catalysts in various chemical processes. For instance, cesium hydroxide can be used in the production of synthetic fibers and plastics, acting as a catalyst in the polymerization of certain monomers.

  5. Vacuum Tubes: Cesium is used to increase the electron emission in vacuum tubes, enhancing the performance of devices like cathode ray tubes, magnetrons used in microwave ovens, and various types of electron tubes for scientific instruments.

  6. Specialty Glasses: Cesium can be added to glass to adjust its index of refraction, increase its electrical conductivity, or modify thermal properties. Cesium glasses have applications in optical instruments, laser technology, and radiation shielding.

  7. Thermionic Converters: Cesium vapor is used in thermionic converters, which convert heat directly into electricity through the thermionic emission of electrons from a hot cathode to a cooler anode in a vacuum or inert gas environment, potentially for space power systems.

  8. Medical Applications: Cesium-137, although less common due to its radioactivity, has been used in cancer therapy (brachytherapy) for its gamma radiation. However, its use has declined because of safer alternatives.

  9. Research and Development: Cesium’s unique properties are often leveraged in chemical research, particularly in the study of atomic physics, quantum mechanics, and in creating standards for metrology.

Cesium’s reactivity and cost mean it’s used in smaller quantities compared to more common elements, but its applications are critical in areas requiring high precision or specialized functionality.

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#4

Niobium, known for its excellent strength, ductility, and resistance to corrosion, has several industrial applications:

  1. Alloys:

  • Steel Alloying: Niobium is primarily used as an alloying element in high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steels. It enhances the steel’s strength, toughness, and weldability, reducing the amount of other, more expensive alloying elements needed. This is crucial for pipelines, bridges, ships, and automotive components.

  • Superalloys: Niobium is also used in superalloys for aerospace applications, where it contributes to the high-temperature strength and resistance to creep of materials used in jet engines and gas turbines.

  1. Superconducting Magnets: Niobium-titanium (NbTi) and niobium-tin (Nb3Sn) are used to create superconducting wires. These are essential in MRI scanners for medical imaging, particle accelerators, and in the development of magnetic levitation (maglev) trains.

  2. Capacitors: Similar to tantalum, niobium is used in the manufacture of capacitors, particularly niobium oxide capacitors. These are alternatives to tantalum capacitors, offering a similar performance in terms of capacitance and voltage but with potentially better safety characteristics (less prone to catastrophic failure).

  3. Chemical Industry: Niobium’s resistance to corrosion makes it useful in chemical processing equipment, such as reactors, heat exchangers, and vessels used in handling corrosive substances.

  4. Jewelry: Due to its hypoallergenic properties and attractive appearance, niobium is used in jewelry, often anodized to produce a range of colors.

  5. Nuclear Reactors: Niobium alloys can be used in nuclear reactors for components that need to withstand high temperatures and radiation, although its use is more limited compared to other materials.

  6. Optical Applications: Niobium oxide is used in optical coatings for lenses and mirrors to enhance light reflection or transmission.

  7. Electronics: In addition to capacitors, niobium is used in the fabrication of sputtering targets for thin-film deposition in semiconductor manufacturing.

  8. Welding: Niobium-stabilized stainless steels (like 347 stainless steel) are used in applications where welding is necessary because the niobium prevents the formation of chromium carbides, thus reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion.

  9. Cryogenic Applications: Because of its superconductivity, niobium is used in cryogenic engineering for applications requiring very low electrical resistance, like in quantum computing research.

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#5

Possession is 9/10 of the law.
Russia owns it.
The Ukraine is losing ground to Russia - literally.
Doubt Black Rock will fight for it.
But as long a mercenary’s are a dime a dozen, in USSA print-ad-infinitum fiat…?

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#6

@omnimatter
That’s a long list of goodies. Known goodies. I wonder what other applications Russia and others might have in mind in the way of yet to be seen technology breakthroughs. The ‘DARPAs’ of the world exist for such opportunities. Thanks for your informative comments.

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#7

After all, searching for mythical Nazi in Ukraine turn out to be cover up for Russian plunder of UKR resources.

#8

Maybe, Idk. Not sure I think the military operational goals were quite that cynical.

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#9

Yes, Russia as a seat of correct orthodox theology is not capable of that vice, only west is.

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#10

No, I’m not suggesting the Russians are altruistic. Less perverse in their methods but no less gangsters. In my view, however, the primary reason for the special military operation was to prevent NATO innervating a border state with Russia, and probably, the biological warfare angle. Getting rid of the Nazi’s is a lovely goal, but it still has not been completed, and frankly, the Azov “Nazis” were formed, owned and operated by a bunch of Jews.

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#11

Or, Zionists?
Primary reason was the NATO coup in 2014 of The Ukraine.

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#12

Right. The backstory was the Ukraine was given its independence from Russia with the caveat that it would never join NATO. The Minsk 1 and 2 agreements were broken and the Russians decided military force was necessary to prevent the Ukraine from joining NATO. Others here can dig a little deeper on that point.

With Trump as POTUS he and perhaps a few other countries in NATO can veto that action. Perhaps that is what DJT meant when he said he could end the war within 24 hours.

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#13

No such promises codified in any treaty or memorandum were on the table regarding NATO and The Ukraine. Verbal promises of not an inch of NATO bases and nukes beyond Elbe River was promised to Gorbachev in 1989 verbally. This was regarding entire Eastern Europe. Last time I checked NATO is keeping its promises.

On the other hand, in 1994 there was a Budapest Memorandum that was signed by UKR, RU, UK, USA that stated that UKR transfers its nuclear arsenal to Russia in exchange for inviolability of Ukrainian borders. Russia of course broke that first time in 2014 by annexing Lugansk, Donetsk and Crimea.

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#14

My timetable goes back to a treaty signed in the 18th Century at end of a war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire the Ukraine land went to Russia. What you are referring to was the Soviet Union, not Russia.

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#15

I hear you, QVBB, I do. I’ve been informed by others in discussions of this issue. Unfortunately, there are serious issues between RU and UKR nationalist sects, with which I’m sure you are familiar, related to genocides and mistreatment of the Kievan Rus and the Cossack Hetman under Peter 1 all the way back to the 18th century, which is a detail not found anywhere in the modern understanding of the issue. Very deep history of mistreatment. Totally understand the pro-UKR position in the appropriate context.

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#16

On 2022, 02-24 Russia’s most recent conflict with the Ukraine, and how the most recent iteration of a long, long war started and why.

  • Russia sent troops into Ukraine on February 24, citing Kiev’s failure to implement the Minsk agreements, designed to give the regions of Donetsk and Lugansk special status within the Ukrainian state. The protocols, brokered by Germany and France, were first signed in 2014. Former Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko has since admitted that Kiev’s main goal was to use the ceasefire to buy time and “create powerful armed forces.

Most of us do not know the following:

In February 2022, the Kremlin recognized the Donbass republics as independent states and demanded that Ukraine officially declare itself a neutral country that will never join any Western military bloc. Kiev insists the Russian offensive was completely unprovoked.

But a bit of research will expose the ties between NATO and and Russia go back into history for a long time. Both the French and Germans have at times started military invasions of Russia, aka WW1 and then WW2.

Here is a bit of the history that I cobbled together, but it all goes back to the Orange revolution, and even many more centuries.

"

2022, 02-24 Russian war with the Ukraine, how it started and why

Russia sent troops into Ukraine on February 24, citing Kiev’s failure to implement the Minsk agreements, designed to give the regions of Donetsk and Lugansk special status within the Ukrainian state. The protocols, brokered by Germany and France, were first signed in 2014. Former Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko has since admitted that Kiev’s main goal was to use the ceasefire to buy time and “create powerful armed forces.”

In February 2022, the Kremlin recognized the Donbass republics as independent states and demanded that Ukraine officially declare itself a neutral country, return all nuclear weapon, and that it would never join any Western military bloc. Kiev for their part insists the Russian offensive was completely unprovoked."

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#17

Thank you for that info, nidster!! Made me think of the Putin interview!!

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#18

Nice" cherry picking"
Here is full report on Minsk Agreements
Minsk agreements - Wikipedia

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#19

Here is the important info.

The Russians declared that the Minsk agreements “no longer existed”, and that Ukraine, not Russia, was to blame for their collapse.[[10]] This can be traced back to the so-called Orange Revolution in 2014, and even back to the time when Napoleon Bonaparte, and the German 3rd Reich invaded Russia.

All this can even be traced back to the year 980 when Christianity was declared to be the national religion of Russia. Do some real digging into that since much more can be written.

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#20

Christianity was first declared a national religion in Kievan Rus in 988.

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