Here are a couple of examples of ‘problem-based thinking’:
If people have access to guns, some small number of them will misuse those guns. That’s a ‘problem’, and the ‘solution’ is to take guns away from everyone.
If people have access to drugs, some small number of them will misuse those drugs. That’s a ‘problem’, and the ‘solution’ is to take drugs away from everyone.
But really, these are just special cases of a more general ‘problem’:
If people have freedom, some small number of them will misuse that freedom. That’s a ‘problem’, and the ‘solution’ is to take freedom away from everyone.